Scholarship @ UWindsor

Scholarship @ UWindsor is the institutional repository of the University of Windsor (UWindsor), showcasing and preserving the UWindsor community’s scholarly outputs, as well as items from the Leddy Library’s Archives & Special Collections. Its mission is to disseminate and preserve knowledge created or housed at the University of Windsor.

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Communities in Scholarship @ UWindsor

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Conferences and Conference Proceedings 3304
Papers, presentations and abstracts of conferences held at the University of Windsor, in person and virtually.
Digitized Local Collections 1552
Digitized local items from the collections of the Leddy Library, University of Windsor, and community partners.
Faculties, Departments and Research Units 5989
Open Access Faculty publications, reports and working papers from academic departments at the University of Windsor.
Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 12863
Formal graduate original research from the University of Windsor's Masters and Doctoral programs.

Recent Submissions

Access status: Open Access ,
Favoriser le bien-être et l'intégration sociale de la communauté racisée francophone LGBTQA+ de Toronto et d'Ottawa
(FrancoQueer, 2024) Charles, Carlo Handy; Ngoumou, Laurent Francis
Cette recherche a été réalisée dans le cadre de l’appel à projets menés par la communauté sur le bien-être des communautés LGBTQIA/2S1 selon une approche intersectionnelle lancé par l’Institut de la Santé des Femmes et des Hommes (ISFH) des Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada (IRSC). Cette recherche correspond à l’un des objectifs de la subvention d’appui de l’Institut qui vise à « améliorer la compréhension des obstacles et des possibilités relatifs à l’atteinte d’une bonne santé physique, sociale et mentale pour les personnes, les familles et les communautés LGBTQIA/2S ». En réalisant ce projet, FrancoQueer cherche à 1. Mieux comprendre les barrières à la participation et comment aider à briser l’isolement afin de favoriser le bien-être et l’intégration sociale dans la communauté d’accueil ainsi que soutenir le développement de l’autonomisation (empowerment) des personnes LGBTQIA+ racisées immigrantes dans un contexte interculturel et multiracial; 2. Identifier les éléments qui viennent interagir sur le processus d’intégration et le développement du sentiment d’appartenance pour mieux y répondre en adaptant ses services et activités proposées en fonction des résultats de la recherche; 3. Renforcer les liens entre les bénéficiaires de services et l’organisation, tout en positionnant la population cible au cœur du projet ; 4. Mieux identifier les démarches et pratiques à mettre en œuvre pour renforcer ses programmes existants, tout en identifiant de nouvelles pistes d’action informées par la réalité de vie de sa clientèle soutenant le développement d’une bonne santé avec une approche holistique (physique, sociale, mentale, spirituelle) pour les personnes noires et racisées LGBTQIA+ francophones.
Access status: Open Access ,
Influence of serosorting and intervention-mediated changes in serosorting on the population-level HIV transmission impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men: a mathematical modelling study
(openRxiv, 2020-02-26) Linwei Wang; Nasheed Moqueet; Anna Simkin; Jesse Knight; Huiting Ma; Nathan J. Lachowsky; Heather L. Armstrong; Darrell H. S. Tan; Ann N. Burchell; Trevor Hart; David Moore; Barry D. Adam; Derek R. MacFadden; Stefan Baral; Sharmistha Mishra
Background HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may change serosorting patterns. We examined the influence of serosorting on the population-level HIV transmission impact of PrEP, and how impact could change if PrEP users stopped serosorting. Methods We developed a compartmental HIV transmission model parameterized with bio-behavioural and HIV surveillance data among men who have sex with men in Canada. We separately fit the model with serosorting and without serosorting (random partner-selection proportional to availability by HIV-status (sero-proportionate)), and reproduced stable HIV epidemics (2013-2018) with HIV-prevalence 10.3%-24.8%, undiagnosed fraction 4.9%-15.8%, and treatment coverage 82.5%-88.4%. We simulated PrEP-intervention reaching stable coverage by year-1 and compared absolute difference in relative HIV-incidence reduction 10-year post-intervention (PrEP-impact) between: models with serosorting vs. sero-proportionate mixing; and scenarios in which PrEP users stopped vs. continued serosorting. We examined sensitivity of results to PrEP-effectiveness (44%-99%) and coverage (10%-50%). Findings Models with serosorting predicted a larger PrEP-impact compared with models with sero-proportionate mixing under all PrEP-effectiveness and coverage assumptions (median (inter-quartile-range): 8.1%(5.5%-11.6%)). PrEP users” stopping serosorting reduced PrEP-impact compared with when PrEP users continued serosorting: reductions in PrEP-impact were minimal (2.1%(1.4%-3.4%)) under high PrEP-effectiveness (86%-99%); however, could be considerable (10.9%(8.2%-14.1%)) under low PrEP effectiveness (44%) and high coverage (30%-50%). Interpretation Models assuming sero-proportionate mixing may underestimate population-level HIV-incidence reductions due to PrEP. PrEP-mediated changes in serosorting could lead to programmatically-important reductions in PrEP-impact under low PrEP-effectiveness (e.g. poor adherence/retention). Our findings suggest the need to monitor sexual mixing patterns to inform PrEP implementation and evaluation. Funding Canadian Institutes of Health Research RESEARCH IN CONTEXT Evidence before this study We searched PubMed for full-text journal articles published between Jan 1, 2010, and Dec 31, 2017, using the MeSH terms “pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)” and “homosexuality, male” and using key words (“pre-exposure prophylaxis” or “preexposure prophylaxis” or “PrEP”) and (“men who have sex with men” or “MSM”) in titles and abstracts. Search results (520 records) were reviewed to identify publications which examined the population-level HIV transmission impact or population-level cost-effectiveness of PrEP in high-income settings. We identified a total of 18 modelling studies of PrEP impact among men who have sex with men (MSM) and four studies were based on the same model with minor variations (thus only the most recent one was included). Among the 15 unique models of PrEP impact, three included serosorting. A total of nine models have assessed the individual-level behaviour change among those on PrEP and its influence on the transmission impact of PrEP. Specifically, the models examined increases in number of partners and reductions in condom use. Most models predicted that realistic increases in partner number or decreases in condom use would not fully offset, but could weaken, PrEP”s impact on reducing HIV transmission. We did not identify any study that examined the influence of serosorting patterns on the estimated transmission impact of PrEP at the population-level, or what could happen to HIV incidence if the use of PrEP changes serosorting patterns. Added value of this study We used a mathematical model of HIV transmission to estimate the influence of serosorting and PrEP-mediated changes in serosorting on the transmission impact of PrEP at the population-level among MSM. We found the impact of PrEP was higher under epidemics with serosorting, compared with comparable epidemics simulated assuming sero-proportionate mixing. Under epidemics with serosorting, when PrEP users stopped serosorting (while other men continue to serosort among themselves) we found a reduced PrEP impact compared with scenarios when PrEP users continued to serosort. The magnitude of reduction in PrEP impact was minimal if PrEP-effectiveness was high; however, could be programmatically-meaningful in the context of low PrEP-effectiveness (e.g., poor adherence or retention) and high PrEP coverage. To our knowledge, our study is the first to directly examine the influence of serosorting and PrEP-mediated changes in serosorting on the transmission impact of PrEP and its underlying mechanism. Implications of all the available evidence Our findings suggest that models which do not consider baseline patterns of serosorting among MSM could potentially underestimate PrEP impact. In addition to monitoring individual-level behavioural change such as condom use, our findings highlight the need to monitor population-level sexual mixing patterns and their changes over time among MSM in the design and evaluation of PrEP implementation.
Access status: Open Access ,
Subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder based on psychotherapy process: A longitudinal nonparametric analysis.
(American Psychological Association, 2020-11-30) Uëli Kramer; Mehdi Gholam‐Rezaee; Pauline Maillard; Stéphane Kolly; Oliver Püschel; Rainer Sachse
The present study aims at empirically exploring subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), based on patient descriptors of the psychotherapeutic process. Subtype identification and characterization of NPD is central, in particular, to increase diagnostic precision, linking categorical and dimensional conceptualizations of psychopathology, and to individualize treatments. A total of N = 161 patients diagnosed with NPD undergoing clarification-oriented psychotherapy were included in the present reanalysis of a naturalistic pre-post process-outcome study. At three crucial time-points of the therapy (Sessions 15, 20, and 25), the patient's in-session quality of content, process, and relationship are assessed using intensive video- and audio analyses. Levels of psychopathology were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using longitudinal nonparametric analysis. Based on in-session processes across three time-points, a two-subtype solution was retained (optimal vs. suboptimal process qualities). Optimal process quality of time was linked with the intensity of narcissistic symptoms; suboptimal process quality was linked with a variety of general symptom loads and problematic personality traits. The two empirical subtypes were predicted by the quality of real-life functioning with an accuracy of more than 92% and were partially associated with outcome. NPD may be empirically differentiated between patients engaging in optimal psychotherapy process versus those who engage in suboptimal psychotherapy process. This differentiation has reliable clinical predictors at the outset of treatment. The present study has implications in terms of personalizing psychotherapy for patients presenting NPD, or pathological narcissism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Access status: Open Access ,
Resolving Coparenting Dissatisfaction In Couples: A Preliminary Task Analysis Study
(Wiley, 2020-08-19) Cindy Eira Nunes; Antonio Pascual‐Leone; Yves de Roten; Nicolas Favez; Joëlle Darwiche
This study explored the change that unfolded when parents resolved their coparenting dissatisfaction during an Integrative Brief Systemic Intervention (IBSI) for parent couples. We conducted a task analysis (Greenberg, 2007) to build a model of resolving coparenting dissatisfaction. We compared a postulated model of change (rational model) based on theoretical and clinical assumptions to the observations of the actual change process that couples experienced in an IBSI (empirical analysis). The empirical analysis was conducted on six IBSI therapy cases (three exhibiting positive development and three exhibiting no development). We defined positive development in IBSI as moving from coparenting dissatisfaction to coparenting satisfaction. The final rational-empirical model included six steps that facilitated the resolution of coparenting dissatisfaction. This study contributes to deepening the knowledge of how coparenting may change during marital therapy.
Access status: Open Access ,
Simplify your life
(Nature Portfolio, 2020-12-01) G. W. F. Drake; Eite Tiesinga